Champagne is located in the north of France, near the limit of successful viticulture, and is influenced by a dual climate. Continental influence ensures adequate levels of heat and sunlight in the summer and the oceanic influence provides steady, moderate precipitation. In this climate it would be difficult to ripen grapes for still wines but is ideal for retaining the crispness and acidity required for sparkling wine. The cooperative sustainably farms a patchwork of plots in the Marne Valley, in the heart of Champagne, growing the regions three principal grape varieties- the white Chardonnay and the two black varieties, Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier.